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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Macroeconomic policy instruments ： ウィキペディア英語版 Macroeconomic policy instruments Macroeconomic policy instruments refer to macroeconomic quantities that can be directly controlled by an economic policy maker.〔The Harper Collins Economics Dictionary〕〔N. Gregory Mankiw, Principles of Economics.〕 Instruments can be divided into two subsets: a) Monetary policy instruments and b) Fiscal policy instruments. Monetary policy is conducted by the Federal Reserve or the central bank of a country or supranational region (Euro zone). Fiscal policy is conducted by the Executive and Legislative Branches of the Government and deals with managing a nation’s Budget. ==Monetary policy== Monetary policy instruments consists in managing short-term rates (Fed Funds and Discount rates in the U.S.), and changing reserve requirements for commercial banks. Monetary policy can be either expansive for the economy (short-term rates low relative to inflation rate) or restrictive for the economy (short-term rates high relative to inflation rate). Historically, the major objective of monetary policy had been to manage or curb domestic inflation. More recently, central bankers have often focused on a second objective: managing economic growth as both inflation and economic growth are highly interrelated. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Macroeconomic policy instruments」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.